Gaza, a narrow coastal territory, has been a focal point of conflict. It's governed by Hamas, a Palestinian militant group, and has seen multiple conflicts with Israel.
The West Bank, with a significant Palestinian population, is another hotspot. Israel controls parts of it, and this has led to tension and violence.
Jerusalem is a particularly sensitive issue. Both Israelis and Palestinians claim it as their capital, and disputes over its control have triggered violence.
The international community generally supports a two-state solution, where Israel and a Palestinian state would coexist side by side, but negotiations have stalled.
The conflict is influenced by regional powers like Iran, which supports militant groups hostile to Israel, and neighboring countries' relationships with Israel.
The United States has traditionally been a close ally of Israel and has played a significant role in mediating peace talks, but its approach has shifted under different administrations.
The conflict has had a profound humanitarian impact, with casualties and displacement on both sides, making it a pressing concern for international organizations.